Interconnection refers to the linking of communications networks to ensure that users of one communications network can access the communications networks and services of other telecommunications operators. Interconnection is necessary to promote effective competition in a multi-network, multi-operator environment.
Interconnection Regulatory Framework
All licensees are required to interconnect with each other, whether directly or indirectly, to ensure seamless any-to-any communications throughout Singapore. IMDA's regulatory framework on interconnection is found in Sections 5 and 6 of the Code of Practice for Competition in the Provision of Telecommunication and Media Services 2022 (1.35MB) (Telecom and Media Competition Code 2022). IMDA may grant exemptions from specific provisions of the Telecom and Media Competition Code 2022 where good cause is shown.
Dispute Resolution Framework
Under IMDA regulations, IMDA will resolve disputes regarding the implementation of an interconnection agreement entered into with a dominant licensee or a sharing agreement entered into pursuant to IMDA's dispute resolution procedures. IMDA will also resolve, upon request, disputes arising from a failure to voluntarily reach an individualised interconnection agreement with a dominant licensee or a sharing agreement.
Except as otherwise specified, IMDA will not intervene in other disputes relating to matters provided for in the Telecom and Media Competition Code 2022. Instead, licensees are required to resolve their disputes in accordance with the dispute resolution provisions of their respective agreements, or in the absence of any agreement, through good-faith commercial negotiations.
Where any dispute has been validly raised to IMDA for resolution, IMDA will adopt the process and standards set out in the Dispute Resolution Guidelines (119.65KB) issued by IMDA.
Interconnection & Access Agreements
IMDA strongly encourages its licensees to enter into interconnection and access agreements through commercial negotiations. IMDA, however, has taken a more active role in ensuring the adoption of just, reasonable and non-discriminatory interconnection and access agreements involving dominant licensees. IMDA requires a dominant licensee to provide interconnection and access related services to facilities-based and service-based licensees under its reference interconnection offer. Licensees who seek to interconnect with a dominant licensee may do so via:
(a) Interconnection pursuant to an approved reference interconnection offer;
SingTel's Reference Interconnection Offer (RIO)
- RIO Agreements with Facilities-Based Operators (FBOs)
- RIO Agreements with Service-Based Operators (SBOs)
NetLink Trust's Reference Access Offer (RAO)
(b) Interconnection pursuant to an existing interconnection agreement; and
(c) pursuant to an Individualised Interconnection Agreement.
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